![]() ![]() Green leaves of Ipomoea were cut before digestion and cow manure was used without any previous treatment, both for simple digestion and for co-digestion. ![]() ( 2017) similar to this study, initially crushed rice husk and green stubble were hydrolyzed for 30 days as pretreatment prior to anaerobic digestion. Sometimes, a pre-digestion of the inputs used is performed, for example in a study by Kataki et al. Farmers can modify the content of nutrients in the liquid fertilizer and add different sub-products such as fish guts, seaweed or human urine (Osorio 2005), mineral salts (Agbulu and Idu 2008) and milk whey (Rivera and Hensel 2013), enhancing the efficiency of materials used to obtain quality fertilizer (Preston 2005). 2009), as well as flours, molasses and plants (de Oliveira et al. Biol is obtained with the use of inputs such as animal manure, mainly bovines (Bustamante et al. The quality of the biol, taking into account the process of fermentation in terms of the composition of nutrients and physical properties, depends on the materials (inputs) used during fermentation (Ndubuaku et al. Biol is an alternative for the fertilization of crops due to its nutrient content (Kaparaju and Rintala 2011 Masse et al. The liquid phase of digestates is rich in nutrients, such as ammonium (NH4 +), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) available to the plant by microbial decomposition and mineralization of the solid phase of the digestates (Sogn et al. 2018).ĭigestate or effluent is composed of a liquid fraction known as biol and the solid fraction biosol, the biol being the most widely used and which accounts for 90% of the effluent (Rivero 2012). Biogas production through anaerobic digestion leaves organic residues (digestates), which are rich in nutrients, the use of which can replace or at least reduce the use of mineral fertilizers in crop production (Sogn et al. 2018), an alternative to organic fertilizer is fermented fertilizer, which is the name given to the effluents produced in the fermentation or digestion of organic wastes from biodigesters (Ndubuaku et al. To produce high-quality crops (Fathy et al. ![]() By applying biol and SAP, the contents of N–P–K were not increased significantly in the aerial and root biomasses in comparison to the control. ![]() With the application of biol and SAP, maize plants undergo significant increases in height, stem diameter and number of leaves. Conclusionĭue to their physical and chemical properties, biols are an alternative to fertilizers. In terms of the contents of N–P–K in biomass, statistical differences were found for P in aerial biomass and K in both aerial and root biomass. In the dry weight of aerial and root biomass, no statistical differences were found. The terms of the bioassay, the treatments with super absorbent polymer (SAP), biol and biol + SAP, showed significant statistical differences in terms of plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves 30 days after emergence. The types of biol show different characteristics for organic matter, N, N–NH 4, N–NO 3, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B, as well as physical characteristics. The nutritional content of the fermented fertilizers was evaluated, and in maize plants growth variables were measured, along with N–P–K contents in the aerial and root biomass. The fertilizers were produced in artisanal biodigesters and the bioassay was carried out in pots with CP-569 maize. The nutritional content of fermented fertilizers was determined, and the effect of its application in combination with hydrogel was evaluated in a bioassay with maize plants. ![]()
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